| |
Site Description
|
|
| |
The reserve is one of the most extensive in Indonesia containing one of the largest freshwater swamp forests in Sumatra, mangrove forests, dry beach forests and Nibung swamps. The heavy siltload of the rivers which cross the reserve has formed the intertidal mudflats used by waterbirds; the reserve supports over 270 species of birds, including several endangered species. Approximately 75% of the forest has already been selectively logged leading, in some areas, to (annually burned) grassland. Coastal settlements totalling about 10,000 people lie along the edge of the reserve. According to the proposal to redesignate the area as a national park, the reserve would be divided into sanctuary, wilderness and intensive use zones, and facilities for tourism/recreation would be created. Seasonal inundation of brackish water may occur up to 2 km inland during dry periods.
Principal vegetation:
- Freshwater swamp forest.
- Mangrove forest with Nypa beds.
- Nibung swamps and Pandanus formations. |
|
| |
Site Location |
|
| |
The reserve lies on the east coast of Lampung. Natural boundaries exist on all sides except on the south for about 30km. The eastern boundary stretches along the Java Sea. The provincial capital, Tanjung Karang lies 30km to the west. Access is by air or road.
|
|
| |
Special Memmo |
|
| |
From the 270 bird species of the reserve more than 20% are waterbirds, including many migratory species and several rare or endangered species such as the Asian Dowitcher (nearly 500 sighted in 1985), Malayan Night Heron, Milky Stork, Storm's Stork, Lesse |
|
| | List of Birds (385 species) | |
| |
| Species |
Red Data Book |
Cites |
| Abroscopus superciliaris | | | | Accipiter badius | | App II | | Accipiter gularis | | App II | | Accipiter trivirgatus | | App II | | Accipiter virgatus | | App II | | Aceros corrugatus | Vulnerable | | | Acridotheres javanicus | | | | Actenoides concretus | | | | Actitis hypoleucos | | | | Aegithina tiphia | | | | Aegithina viridissima | | | | Aerodramus fuciphagus | | | | Aethopyga siparaja | | | | Alcedo atthis | | | | Alcedo coerulescens | | | | Alcedo euryzona | Vulnerable | | | Alcedo meninting | | | | Alophoixus phaeocephalus | | | | Amaurornis phoenicurus | | | | Anas gibberifrons | | | | Anas gracilis | | | | Anhinga melanogaster | Lower Risk | | | Anorrhinus galeritus | | | | Anthracoceros albirostris | | App II | | Anthracoceros coronatus | | App II | | Anthracoceros malayanus | Lower Risk | App II | | Anthreptes malacensis | | | | Anthreptes rhodolaema | | | | Anthreptes simplex | | | | Anthreptes singalensis | | | | Aplonis panayensis | | | | Apus affinis | | | | Apus pacificus | | | | Arachnothera chrysogenys | | | | Arachnothera crassirostris | | | | Arachnothera flavigaster | | | | Arachnothera longirostra | | | | Ardea cinerea | | | | Ardea purpurea | | | | Ardea sumatrana | Lower Risk | | | Ardeola speciosa | | | | Ardeola striata | | | | Argusianus argus | | App II | | Artamus leucorhynchus | | | | Artamus leucorynchus | | | | Aviceda leuphotes | | App II | | Batrachostomus auritus | Deficient Data | | | Batrachostomus cornutus | | | | Batrachostomus javensis | Lower Risk | | | Batrachostomus stellatus | | | | Berenicornis comatus | | | | Blythipicus rubiginosus | | | | Bubo sumatranus | | App II | | Bubulcus ibis | | | | Buceros bicornis | | App I | | Buceros rhinoceros | | App II | | Buceros vigil | Insufficiently Know | App I | | Buteo buteo | | App II | | Butorides striatus | | | | Cacomantis merulinus | | | | Cacomantis sepulcralis | | | | Cacomantis sonneratii | | | | Cairina scutulata | Endengered | App I | | Calidris alba | | | | Calidris ferruginea | | | | Caloperdix oculea | | | | Calorhamphus fuliginosus | | | | Calyptomena viridis | | | | Caprimulgus affinis | | | | Caprimulgus concretus | Vulnerable | | | Caprimulgus macrurus | | | | Casmerodius albus | | | | Celeus brachyurus | | | | Centropus bengalensis | | | | Centropus sinensis | | | | Ceyx erithacus | | | | Ceyx rufidorsa | | | | Ceyx rufidorsus | | | | Chalcophaps indica | | | | Charadrius alexandrinus | | | | Charadrius dubius | | | | Charadrius leschenaultii | | | | Charadrius mongolus | | | | Charadrius veredus | | | | Chlidonias hybridus | | | | Chlidonias leucopterus | | | | Chloropsis aurifrons | | | | Chloropsis cochinchinensis | | | | Chloropsis cyanopogon | | | | Chloropsis sonnerati | | | | Chrysococcyx minutillus | | | | Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus | | | | Chrysocolaptes validus | | | | Ciconia episcopus | | | | Ciconia stormi | Endengered | | | Circus aeruginosus | | App II | | Cisticola exilis | | | | Cisticola juncidis | | | | Clamator coromandus | | | | Collocalia esculenta | | | | Columba livia | | | | Copsychus malabaricus | | | | Copsychus pyrropygus | | | | Copsychus saularis | | | | Coracina fimbriata | | | | Coracina larvata | | | | Coracina striata | | | | Corvus enca | | | | Corydon sumatranus | | | | Coturnix chinensis | | | | Criniger bres | | | | Criniger ochraceus | | | | Criniger phaeocephalus | | | | Crypsirina temia | | | | Cuculus fugax | | | | Cuculus micropterus | | | | Cuculus sparverioides | | | | Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos | | | | Cyornis caerulata | Lower Risk | | | Cyornis rufigastra | | | | Cyornis turcosa | Lower Risk | | | Cyornis turcosus | Lower Risk | | | Cypsiurus balasiensis | | | | Dendrocopos moluccensis | | | | Dendrocygna arcuata | | | | Dendrocygna javanica | | | | Dendronanthus indicus | | | | Dicaeum chrysorrheum | | | | Dicaeum concolor | | | | Dicaeum trigonostigma | | | | Dicrurus aeneus | | | | Dicrurus annectans | | | | Dicrurus hottentottus | | | | Dicrurus leucophaeus | | | | Dicrurus paradiseus | | | | Dicrurus sumatranus | Lower Risk | | | Dinopium javanense | | | | Dinopium rafflesii | | | | Dryocopus javensis | | | | Ducula aenea | | | | Ducula badia | | | | Dupetor flavicollis | | | | Egretta alba | | | | Egretta garzetta | | | | Egretta intermedia | | | | Egretta sacra | | | | Elanus caeruleus | | App II | | Enicurus leschenaulti | | | | Eudynamis scolopacea | | | | Eudynamys scolopacea | | | | Eupetes macrocerus | | | | Eurostopodus temminckii | | | | Eurylaimus javanicus | | | | Eurylaimus ochromalus | | | | Eurystomus orientalis | | | | Ficedula hyperythra | | | | Ficedula mugimaki | | | | Ficedula zanthopygia | | | | Fregata andrewsi | Vulnerable | App I | | Gallicrex cinerea | | | | Gallus gallus | | | | Gelochelidon nilotica | | | | Geopelia striata | | | | Gerygone sulphurea | | | | Glareola maldivarum | | | | Glaucidium brodiei | | App II | | Gorsachius melanolophus | | | | Gracula religiosa | | | | Halcyon chloris | | | | Halcyon concreta | | | | Halcyon coromanda | | | | Halcyon pileata | | | | Halcyon smyrnensis | | | | Haliaeetus leucogaster | | App II | | Haliastur indus | | App II | | Harpactes diardii | | | | Harpactes duvaucelii | | | | Harpactes kasumba | | | | Harpactes orrhophaeus | | | | Heliopais personata | Vulnerable | | | Hemicircus concretus | | | | Hemiprocne comata | | | | Hemiprocne longipennis | | | | Hemipus hirundinaceus | | | | Hieraaetus kienerii | | App II | | Himantopus himantopus | | | | Himantopus leucocephalus | | | | Hirundapus giganteus | | | | Hirundo rustica | | | | Hirundo tahitica | | | | Hypogramma hypogrammicum | | | | Hypothymis azurea | | | | Hypsipetes charlottae | | | | Hypsipetes criniger | | | | Ichthyophaga humilis | Lower Risk | App II | | Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus | Lower Risk | App II | | Ichthyophaga nana | Lower Risk | App II | | Ictinaetus malayensis | | App II | | Iole olivacea | | | | Irena puella | | | | Ixobrychus cinnamomeus | | | | Ixobrychus flavicollis | | | | Ixobrychus sinensis | | | | Kenopia striata | | | | Ketupa ketupu | | App II | | Lacedo pulchella | | | | Lalage nigra | | | | Lanius cristatus | | | | Lanius schach | | | | Lanius tigrinus | | | | Leptoptilos javanicus | Vulnerable | | | Limnodromus semipalmatus | Lower Risk | | | Limosa lapponica | | | | Limosa limosa | | | | Lonchura leucogastra | | | | Lonchura leucogastroides | | | | Lonchura maja | | | | Lonchura malacca | | | | Lonchura punctulata | | | | Lonchura striata | | | | Lophura ignita | Vulnerable | | | Loriculus galgulus | | App II | | Luscinia cyane | | | | Machaerhamphus alcinus | | App II | | Macheiramphus alcinus | | App II | | Macronous gularis | | | | Macronous ptilosus | | | | Malacocincla abbotti | | | | Malacocincla malaccensis | | | | Malacopteron affine | | | | Malacopteron albogulare | Lower Risk | | | Malacopteron cinereum | | | | Malacopteron magnirostre | | | | Malacopteron magnum | | | | Megalaima australis | | | | Megalaima chrysopogon | | | | Megalaima haemacephala | | | | Megalaima henricii | | | | Megalaima mystacophanos | | | | Megalaima rafflesii | Lower Risk | | | Meiglyptes tristis | | | | Meiglyptes tukki | | | | Merops leschenaulti | | | | Merops philippinus | | | | Merops viridis | | | | Mesophoyx intermedia | | | | Microhierax fringillarius | | App II | | Micropternus brachyurus | | | | Motacilla cinerea | | | | Motacilla flava | | | | Mycteria cinerea | Vulnerable | App I | | Nectarinia calcostetha | | | | Nectarinia jugularis | | | | Nectarinia sperata | | | | Nettapus coromandelianus | | | | Ninox scutulata | | App II | | Numenius arquata | | | | Numenius madagascariensis | Lower Risk | | | Numenius phaeopus | | | | Nycticorax nycticorax | | | | Nyctyornis amictus | | | | Oriolus chinensis | | | | Oriolus xanthonotus | | | | Orthotomus atrogularis | | | | Orthotomus ruficeps | | | | Orthotomus sericeus | | | | Otus bakkamoena | | App II | | Otus lempiji | | App II | | Otus rufescens | | App II | | Pachycephala grisola | | | | Pandion haliaetus | | App II | | Passer montanus | | | | Pelargopsis capensis | | | | Pelecanus philippensis | Vulnerable | | | Pellorneum capistratum | | | | Pericrocotus cinnamomeus | | | | Pericrocotus flammeus | | | | Pericrocotus igneus | | | | Pernis ptilorhynchus | | App II | | Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus | | | | Phaenicophaeus curvirostris | | | | Phaenicophaeus diardi | | | | Phaenicophaeus javanicus | | | | Phaenicophaeus sumatranus | | | | Phaenicophaeus tristis | | | | Phalacrocorax niger | | | | Philentoma pyrhopterum | | | | Philentoma velatum | | | | Phodilus badius | | App II | | Phylloscopus borealis | | | | Picoides canicapillus | | | | Picoides macei | | | | Picus chlorolophus | | | | Picus mentalis | | | | Picus miniaceus | | | | Picus puniceus | | | | Pitta granatina | | | | Pitta guajana | | App II | | Pitta sordida | | | | Platylophus galericulatus | | | | Platysmurus leucopterus | Lower Risk | | | Pluvialis dominica | | | | Pluvialis fulva | | | | Pluvialis squatarola | | | | Pomatorhinus montanus | | | | Prinia familiaris | | | | Prinia flaviventris | | | | Prionochilus maculatus | | | | Prionochilus percussus | | | | Prionochilus thoracicus | | | | Psittacula longicauda | | App II | | Psittinus cyanurus | Lower Risk | App II | | Pycnonotus atriceps | | | | Pycnonotus aurigaster | | | | Pycnonotus brunneus | | | | Pycnonotus erythropthalmos | | | | Pycnonotus eutilotus | | | | Pycnonotus goiavier | | | | Pycnonotus plumosus | | | | Pycnonotus simplex | | | | Pycnonotus zeylanicus | Vulnerable | | | Raphidura leucopygialis | | | | Reinwardtipicus validus | | | | Rhamphococcyx curvirostris | | | | Rhaphidura leucopygialis | | | | Rhinomyias umbratilis | | | | Rhinoplax vigil | Insufficiently Know | App I | | Rhinortha chlorophaea | | | | Rhipidura javanica | | | | Rhopodytes diardi | | | | Rhopodytes sumatranus | | | | Rhopodytes tristis | | | | Rhyticeros corrugatus | Vulnerable | | | Rhyticeros undulatus | | | | Rollulus rouloul | | | | Sasia abnormis | | | | Sitta frontalis | | | | Spilornis cheela | | App II | | Spizaetus alboniger | | App II | | Spizaetus cirrhatus | | App II | | Spizaetus nanus | Vulnerable | App II | | Stachyris erythroptera | | | | Stachyris maculata | | | | Stachyris nigricollis | | | | Stachyris poliocephala | | | | Stachyris striolata | | | | Sterna albifrons | | | | Sterna bengalensis | | | | Sterna bergii | | | | Sterna dougallii | | | | Sterna hirundo | | | | Streptopelia chinensis | | | | Strix leptogrammica | | App II | | Sturnus contra | | | | Surniculus lugubris | | | | Tephrodornis gularis | | | | Tephrodornis virgatus | | | | Terpsiphone atrocaudata | Lower Risk | | | Terpsiphone paradisi | | | | Threskiornis melanocephalus | Lower Risk | | | Timalia pileata | | | | Treron bicincta | | | | Treron capellei | Lower Risk | | | Treron curvirostra | | | | Treron fulvicollis | Lower Risk | | | Treron griseicauda | | | | Treron olax | | | | Treron vernans | | | | Trichastoma abbotti | | | | Trichastoma bicolor | Lower Risk | | | Trichastoma malaccense | | | | Trichastoma rostratum | Lower Risk | | | Tricolestes criniger | | | | Tringa glareola | | | | Tringa guttifer | Endengered | App I | | Tringa hypoleucos | | | | Tringa nebularia | | | | Tringa stagnatilis | | | | Tringa totanus | | | | Turdus obscurus | | | | Turnix suscitator | | | | Xenus cinereus | | | | Zanclostomus javanicus | | | | Zoothera citrina | | | | Zoothera sibirica | | |
| |
| | List of Mamal (35 species) | |
| |
| Species |
Red Data Book |
Cites |
| Cervus unicolor | | | | Cuon alpinus | Vulnerable | App II | | Cynogale benettii | Endengered | App II | | Dicerorhinus sumatrensis | Critically Endengered | App I | | Elephas maximus | Endengered | App I | | Felis bengalensis | | App I | | Felis marmorata | Deficient Data | App I | | Felis planiceps | Vulnerable | App I | | Felis temminckii | Lower Risk | App I | | Felis viverrinus | Lower Risk | App II | | Helarctos malayanus | Deficient Data | App I | | Hemigalus derbyanus | | App II | | Hylobates agilis | Lower Risk | App I | | Lutra lutra | | App I | | Lutra sumatrana | Vulnerable | App II | | Macaca fascicularis | Lower Risk | App II | | Macaca nemestrina | Vulnerable | App II | | Manis javanica | Lower Risk | App II | | Martes flavigula | Endengered | App III | | Muntiacus muntjak | | | | Neofelis nebulosa | Vulnerable | App I | | Nycticebus coucang | Vulnerable | App II | | Paguma larvata | | | | Panthera tigris | Endengered | App I | | Petaurista petaurista | | | | Presbytis femoralis | Lower Risk | App II | | Presbytis melalophos | | App II | | Sus scrofa | | | | Symphalangus syndactylus | Lower Risk | App I | | Tapirus indicus | Vulnerable | App I | | Trachypithecus cristatus | Lower Risk | App II | | Tragulus javanicus | | | | Tragulus napu | | | | Viverra tangalunga | | | | Viverricula indica | | |
| |
| | List of Fish (0 species) | |
No data found for the provided SITE_COD.
| | List of Crustaseans (0 species) | |
No data found for the provided SITE_COD.
| | List of Mollusk (0 species) | |
No data found for the provided SITE_COD.
| | List of Fish (0 species) | |
No data found for the provided SITE_COD.
| | List of Reptile (3 species) | |
| |
| Species |
Red Data Book |
Cites |
| Crocodylus porosus | Vulnerable | App II | | Tomistoma schlegelii | Deficient Data | App I | | Varanus salvator | | App II |
| |
| | List of Vegetation (22 species) | |
| |
| Species |
Red Data Book |
Cites |
| Acanthus ilicifolius | | | | Acrostichum aureum | | | | Acrostichum speciosum | | | | Avicennia marina | | | | Bruguiera sexangula | | | | Cerbera odollam | | | | Dalbergia candenatensis | | | | Derris heptaphylla | | | | Derris trifoliata | | | | Dolichandrone spathacea | | | | Excoecaria agallocha | | | | Ficus microcarpa | | | | Hibiscus tiliaceus | | | | Imperata cylindrica | | | | Melaleuca leucadendron | | | | Nypa fruticans | | | | Oncosperma tigillarium | | | | Peltophorum pterocarpum | | | | Rhizophora apiculata | | | | Rhizophora mucronata | | | | Sonneratia caseolaris | | | | Thespesia populnea | | |
| |